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GCSE Computer Science 05 — Networks

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Topics include Network types and topologies (LAN/WAN/PAN, wired/wireless), Client–server vs peer-to-peer, The internet, TCP/IP and layers ( overview), IP addressing, MAC addresses and routing, DNS, URLs and web requests (HTTP/HTTPS), Packet switching, bandwidth and latency, Network security: threats, malware, and social engineering, and Security controls: firewalls, encryption, authentication and access control.

ComputerScience EN
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Network types and topologies (LAN/WAN/PAN, wired/wireless)

Networks connect devices to share data and resources; types differ by scale and technology.

Key points

  • LAN covers a small area (home/school); WAN covers large distances; PAN is personal short-range.
  • Wired connections are often faster/more reliable; wireless offers mobility and easier setup.
  • Topologies (star, bus, mesh) affect reliability and performance.
  • Choose based on cost, coverage, speed, interference, and security.

Worked example

Question

A school is choosing between wired Ethernet and Wi‑Fi for classroom computers. Give one advantage of each.

Solution

Ethernet: stable, high throughput, less interference.
Wi‑Fi: mobility/flexibility, cheaper to add devices without new cables.

Common pitfalls

  • Calling the internet a LAN (it’s a WAN / network of networks).
  • Assuming wireless is always slower (depends on standards/interference).

Prerequisites

  • Basic hardware (NIC, router)
  • Understanding data transmission
Further resources